Contributors
Hilary Matfess is a research associate at the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA), a freelance journalist, and a contributor to the Nigeria Social Violence Project at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies. She has conducted fieldwork in Tanzania, Rwanda, Nigeria, and Ethiopia. Her current research focuses on social violence and the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria. Prior to joining IDA, she was a research analyst at the Center for Complex Operations at the National Defense University.
Michael Miklaucic, Director of Research, Information, and Publications at the Center for Complex Operations (CCO) at National Defense University, is also the editor of PRISM, the journal of CCO. Prior to this assignment, he served in various positions at the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the Department of State, including chief operating officer for the USAID Office of Democracy and Governance, and rule of law specialist in the Center for Democracy and Governance. From 2002 to 2003, he served as the Department of State deputy for War Crimes Issues. He later returned to State as a USAID representative on the Civilian Response Corps Inter-Agency Task Force.
Scott Atran, a French American anthropologist, is the director of research at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris, an adjunct professor at the University of Michigan, a presidential scholar in sociology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice, and a co-founder of ARTIS International and of the Centre for the Resolution of Intractable Conflict at Oxford University. He has studied and written extensively about terrorism, violence, and religion, and has also done fieldwork revolving around terrorists, Islamic fundamentalists, and political leaders. His book, Talking to the Enemy: Religion, Brotherhood, and the (Un)Making of Terrorists (New York, NY: Ecco, 2011), delves into such topics, and his work has been featured around the world—in The New York Times, Reuters, Agence France-Presse, Wall Street Journal, Newsweek, Time, Discover, The Guardian, Financial Times, La Recherche (France), BBC World Service, and CNN, to name a few.
Jay Chittooran is a policy advisor in the Economic Department at Third Way. Chittooran’s portfolio includes trade policy, with particular attention to the Trans-Pacific Partnership and Trade Promotion Authority, and works on cross-commodity strategy as a part of trade analysis. Chittooran previously served in positions focused on energy economics at the Council on Foreign Relations, Google Ideas, Goldman Sachs, and West Point. He also recently served as a policy advisor and speechwriter to Ray Kelly, the former commissioner of the New York City Police Department. His research has appeared or been cited in the Washington Post, The Hill, Politico, Roll Call, Wall Street Journal, the Financial Times, the Houston Chronicle, and Time, among other publications, and he has briefed government officials, media outlets, and other interested parties. He holds an M.A. from Seton Hall University and a B.A. from Loyola University Chicago.
Christopher Dishman is the South Central region director for the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) Field Operations Division. Prior to joining Field Operations Division, Dishman served as the chief of the Border Security Branch in the Office of Intelligence and Analysis (I&A) of the DHS. Prior to I&A, Dishman served as a policy analyst at the Office of National Drug Control Policy, where he led a team charged with understanding the economics behind drug trafficking and proposed innovative ways to disrupt the global drug trafficking industry. Dishman has written extensively in academic journals, newspapers, and magazines about the relationship between terrorism and organized crime and other terrorist-related issues. He has lectured on these topics at the National Defense University and the National War College, among other venues. He is currently pursuing a Ph.D. degree in public affairs at the University of Texas, Dallas.
Douglas Farah is the president of IBI Consultants, LLC and senior visiting fellow at the Center for Complex Operations at the National Defense University. He is also senior non-resident associate at the Americas Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. Farah, who specializes in field research, works as a consultant and a subject matter expert on security challenges, terrorism, and transnational organized crime in Latin America, both for the U.S. government (Department of Defense, Department of Homeland Security, and others) and the private sector. Farah is the author of two books, Blood from Stones: The Secret Financial Network of Terror (New York, NY: Doubleday, 2004) and Merchant of Death: Money, Guns, Planes, and the Man Who Makes War Possible with Stephen Braun (Hoboken, NJ: J. Wiley, 2007). He has also written dozens of articles and monographs for peer-reviewed journals and the media.
Francis Fukuyama received his B.A. from Cornell University in classics and his Ph.D. from Harvard in political science. He was a member of the Political Science Department of the RAND Corporation, and of the Policy Planning Staff of the U.S. Department of State. He previously taught at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) of Johns Hopkins University and at George Mason University’s School of Public Policy. He served as a member of the President’s Council on Bioethics from 2001 to 2004. He is the chairman of the editorial board of The American Interest, which he helped found in 2005. He is a senior fellow at the Johns Hopkins SAIS Foreign Policy Institute, and a non-resident fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and the Center for Global Development. He holds honorary doctorates from Connecticut College, Doane College, Doshisha University (Japan), Kansai University (Japan), Aarhus University (Denmark), and the Pardee RAND Graduate School. He is a member of the Board of Governors of the Pardee RAND Graduate School, the Board of Directors of the National Endowment for Democracy, and a member of the advisory board for the Journal of Democracy. He is also a member of the American Political Science Association, the Council on Foreign Relations, and the Pacific Council for International Affairs. He is married to Laura Holmgren and has three children.
Christopher Fussell, a former U.S. Navy SEAL officer, has spent the past four years adapting strategies he learned in the military to the corporate world. He is a managing partner at the McChrystal Group, where he oversees the McChrystal Group Leadership Institute. He is a co-author of Team of Teams, and currently authoring the Group’s next book about the key processes involved in creating team-based models for organizations.
Nils Gilman, Associate Chancellor at the University of California, Berkeley, is a strategic advisor to the Chancellor and responsible for the effective administrative organization and daily functioning of the Office of the Chancellor. Gilman works closely with the Chancellor and his senior leadership team, across a range of day-to-day and long-range responsibilities. He also represents the Office of the Chancellor to a variety of internal and external constituencies, providing leadership and overall project management for key strategic projects, as well as coordinating activities and communications. Gilman also provides the Chancellor with briefings, administrative and policy support, and strategic advice.
Sebastian Gorka is a national security professional specializing in irregular warfare, including counterinsurgency and counterterrorism. He is the vice president of the Institute of World Politics in Washington, D.C.; chairman of Threat Knowledge Group; and author of the New York Times bestseller, Defeating Jihad. Previously, he served as the Major General Matthew C. Horner Distinguished Chair of Military Theory at the Marine Corps University. He is a founding member of the Council for Emerging National Security Affairs and has served as the associate dean for Congressional Affairs and Relations to the Special Operations Community at the National Defense University. He is also currently affiliated with U.S. Special Operations Command’s Joint Special Operations University, and is a regular instructor at the John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School in Fort Bragg, as well as the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Counterterrorism Division. He has testified before the U.S. Congress on the threat of IS and global jihadism and briefed the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, the Central Intelligence Agency, the Defense Intelligence Agency, the National Intelligence Council, the National Counterterrorism Center, and the Commandant of the Marine Corps. Born in the United Kingdom to Hungarian parents, Gorka became an American citizen in 2012.
Scott Helfstein is a global market strategist at BNY Mellon Investment Management, focused on multi-asset class investing, global equities, and geopolitical investment opportunities. He is also a non-resident fellow at West Point’s Combating Terrorism Center (CTC) and a senior fellow at George Washington University’s Center for Cyber and Homeland Security. Prior to joining BNY Mellon, Helfstein helped run a small entrepreneurial organization as the director of Research and Strategic Initiatives at West Point’s CTC and was an assistant professor in the Department of Social Science at the United States Military Academy. He also worked at the Federal Reserve Board of Governors and as an investment banker focusing on mergers and acquisitions at Credit Suisse First Boston. He holds a B.A. in finance from George Washington University, an M.A. in war studies from King’s College, London, and a Doctorate in public policy from the University of Michigan. Helfstein is a Term Member in the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), a member of the CFR Term Member Advisory Committee, and a member of the Economic Club of New York.
Karl Lallerstedt is a co-founder of Black Market Watch and leads the program on illicit trade at the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime. Formerly he worked as anti-illicit trade strategy director at a leading multinational corporation, where he also served as a steering committee member of the International Chamber of Commerce’s Business Action to Stop Counterfeiting and Piracy (BASCAP). Lallerstedt has a background as a political and economic analyst for the Department of State, Oxford Analytica, and the Economist Intelligence Unit. He is a member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Task Force on Countering Illicit Trade.
D. W. Lee is an educator who teaches social revolution and unconventional warfare at the Naval Postgraduate School, and unconventional warfare operational design and special warfare network development at the U.S. Army Advanced Special Operations Training Center. His current research focuses on social movement theory, civil resistance, and comparative politics. He is the author of numerous publications, and completed graduate studies at the University of Chicago.
Matthew Levitt is the Fromer-Wexler fellow and director of The Washington Institute’s Stein Program on Counterterrorism and Intelligence. From 2005 to early 2007, he served as deputy assistant secretary for intelligence and analysis at the U.S. Department of the Treasury. In that capacity, he served both as a senior official within the department’s terrorism and financial intelligence branch and as deputy chief of the Office of Intelligence and Analysis, one of 16 U.S. intelligence agencies coordinated under the Office of the Director of National Intelligence. From 2008 to 2009, he served as a State Department counterterrorism advisor to the Special Envoy for Middle East Regional Security, General James L. Jones. Previously, he served as a counterterrorism intelligence analyst at the Federal Bureau of Investigation, where he provided tactical and strategic analytical support for counterterrorism operations, focusing on fundraising and logistical support networks for Middle Eastern terrorist groups.
Clare Lockhart is the co-founder and CEO of the Institute for State Effectiveness (ISE), founded in 2005 to find and promote approaches to building good governance. She, and ISE, now work in countries around the world to support leaders and managers find paths for their countries to stability and prosperity, and work with networks globally to rethink the balance between state, market and civil society for the 21st century. She served in Afghanistan as an adviser to the UN during the Bonn Process and to the Afghan Government from 2001 to 2005, designing a number of national initiatives including a program that provides a block grant to every village in Afghanistan, now present in 23,000 villages. She is co-author with Ashraf Ghani of Fixing Failed States (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2008) and contributes to the media on issues of peace and state-building.
Celina Realuyo is a professor of practice at the William J. Perry Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies at the National Defense University, where she focuses on U.S. national security, illicit networks, transnational organized crime, counterterrorism, and threat finance issues in the Americas. As a former U.S. diplomat, international banker with Goldman Sachs, U.S. foreign policy advisor under the Clinton and Bush Administrations, and professor of international security affairs at the National Defense, Georgetown, George Washington, and Joint Special Operations Universities, Realuyo has over two decades of international experience in the public, private, and academic sectors. She speaks regularly in English and Spanish on “Managing U.S. National Security in the New Global Security Environment,” “Following the Money Trail to Combat Terrorism, Crime, and Corruption,” “Combating Illicit Networks in an Age of Globalization,” and “Designing Strategies to Counter Terrorism.” Realuyo appears and comments regularly in the international media, including CNN en Español, Foreign Policy, Reuters, Voice of America, and Univision Radio.
Tuesday Reitano is the head of the Secretariat at the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime, the director for an independent policy and monitoring unit for the European Union’s programmes in counterterrorism, and a senior research advisor at the Institute for Security Studies in Pretoria, South Africa. Reitano has 12 years of experience as a policy specialist in the UN System, including with the UN Development Programme, the UN Development Group and the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, as well as a number of years in a boutique consulting firm as an advisor on justice, security, and governance issues. In this time, she has amassed a wealth of experience in fragile states and development working both with states, civil society, and at the community level to strengthen resilience to transnational threats, promote sustainable development and the rule of law. Reitano has Master’s degrees in business administration (MBA) and public administration (MPA), and a Master of Science in security, conflict, and international development (MSc). She has also published extensively in leading academic journals and policy institutions. Reitano is based in Beirut, Lebanon, with her family.
Raj Samani is an active member of the information security industry, through involvement with numerous initiatives to improve the awareness and application of security in business and society. He is currently working as the EMEA chief technical officer for Intel Security, having previously worked as the chief information security officer for a large public sector organization in the United Kingdom. He was inducted into the Infosecurity Europe Hall of Fame (2012), won the Virus Bulletin Péter Ször Award for the paper/investigation he co-authored on the takedown of the Beebone Botnet, and was named in the UK’s top 50 data leaders and influencers by Information Age. He is also the special advisor for the European CyberCrime Centre, also on the advisory council for the Infosecurity Europe show, Infosecurity Magazine, and expert on both searchsecurity.co.uk and Infosec portal, and a regular columnist on Help Net Security. He has had numerous security papers published, and regularly appears on television commenting on computer security issues.
Mark Shaw is the director of the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime, an international network of experts and think tank headquartered in Geneva, which is focused on catalyzing new responses to organized crime. He is also the National Research Foundation professor of Justice and Security and director of the Centre of Criminology at the University of Cape Town. Shaw previously worked for 10 years at the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, including as inter-regional adviser and chief of the Criminal Justice Reform Unit, with extensive fieldwork in fragile states. He holds a Ph.D. from the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, and has wide experience with both governmental, nongovernmental, and private sector organizations working on issues of transnational threats, governance, and conflict.
Jessica Stern is a research professor at Boston University’s Pardee School of Global Studies. She is also a visiting fellow at Hoover Institution and an advanced academic candidate at the Massachusetts Institute of Psychoanalysis. She is a consultant on a Department of Defense-Minerva and National Institute of Justice-funded project on Somali immigrant children at the Boston Children’s Hospital. She is a co-author of ISIS: The State of Terror (New York, NY: Ecco, 2015) and the author of Denial: A Memoir of Terror (New York, NY: Ecco, 2011), Terror in the Name of God: Why Religious Militants Kill (New York, NY: Harper Perennial, 2004), and The Ultimate Terrorists (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001). She was selected as a ٢٠١٤-٢٠١٥ Fulbright Scholar. In ٢٠٠٩, she was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship for her work on trauma and terror. She served on President Clinton’s National Security Council Staff from 1994 to 1995. Stern advises a number of government agencies on issues related to terrorism and has taught courses for government officials. She is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) and was named a CFR International Affairs Fellow, a National Fellow at Stanford University’s Hoover Institution, a Fellow of the World Economic Forum, and a Harvard MacArthur Fellow. Stern has a B.A. from Barnard College in chemistry, an M.A. from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in technology policy, and a Doctorate from Harvard University in public policy.
Andrew Trabulsi is a consultant, author, and entrepreneur, focusing on technology, geopolitics, and economic development policy. Based in San Francisco, his work and research has included technology capacity building with indigenous communities in the Amazon rainforest, economic development with the Federal Reserve Bank, innovation consulting with Deloitte LLP, and geopolitical analysis of transnational criminal organizations. Andrew advises public, private, and social sector clients on issues of strategy, geopolitics, forecasting, and policy development. His first book, Warlords, Inc.: Black Markets, Broken States, and the Rise of the Warlord Entrepreneur (Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books), was published in 2015.
Phil Williams is holder of the Wesley W. Posvar Chair and director of the Matthew B. Ridgway Center for International Security Studies at the University of Pittsburgh. His previous assignments included Visiting Professor at the Strategic Studies Institute at the U.S. Army War College and Visiting Scientist at the Computer Emergency Response Team of the Carnegie Mellon University, where he worked on cybercrime and infrastructure protection. He has worked extensively on transnational criminal networks, terrorist networks, terrorist finances, the rise of drug trafficking violence in Mexico, and has focused most recently on issues of violence and governance in Central America. He has published extensively in the field of international security.